By the late 17th century, the traditional "pike and shot" infantry tactics, which had been prominent in the 16th and early 17th centuries, were largely outdated. The evolution of firearms, improvements in infantry tactics, and changes in warfare had significantly transformed the role of infantry. While the pike was less prominent, some European armies retained a small contingent of pikemen within their infantry units. These pikemen were used to guard the colors (flags), defend against cavalry charges, or support musketeers in specific situations.