Toroidal propellers for drones.

This 3D model depicts a pair of 17 cm diameter toroidal propellers designed using the NACA 4412 airfoil. Toroidal propellers, also known as torus-type propellers, feature a unique shape that resembles a ring or toroid, with the airfoil applied in their design to optimize efficiency and performance.

The propellers are composed of a series of curved blades that extend around the diameter of the toroid. Each blade is designed to provide optimum lift and thrust, taking advantage of the aerodynamic properties of the NACA 4412 airfoil. This airfoil, developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), is known for its ability to generate efficient airflow and generate lift with a low drag coefficient.

The 17 cm diameter of the toroidal propellers is selected to suit specific applications where a balance between compact size and power generation capability is required. This dimension allows the propellers to be used in devices such as portable wind generators or propulsion systems for drones and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

The 3D model is accurately designed to reflect the physical and aerodynamic characteristics of toroidal propellers, including the curved shape of the blades, the NACA 4412 airfoil applied evenly along each blade, and realistic details such as sharp edges and smooth surfaces.

For 3D printing it is recommended to print at 200°C, generate supports on all sides with a fill density of 20% at a speed of 50 mm/s.