中国象棋是起源于中国的一种棋戏，属于二人对抗性游戏的一种，在中国有着悠久的历史。由于用具简单，趣味性强，成为流行极为广泛的棋艺活动。

中国象棋是中华民族的文化瑰宝，它源远流长，趣味浓厚，基本规则简明易懂，千百年来长盛不衰。中国象棋是模拟的古代战争、直线战争、陆地战争、平面战争。在中国古代，象棋被列为士大夫们的修身之艺。现在，则被视为是怡神益智的一种有益身心的活动。象棋集文化、科学、艺术、竞技于一身，不但可以开发智力，启迪思维，锻炼辨证分析能力和培养顽强的意志，而且可以修心养性，陶冶情操，丰富文化生活，深受广大群众的喜爱。

Chinese chess is a kind of chess game that originated in China, which is a kind of two-person confrontational game and has a long history in China. Because of the simplicity and fun of the utensils, it has become a very popular chess activity.

Chinese chess is a cultural treasure of the Chinese nation, it has a long history, strong fun, and the basic rules are concise and easy to understand, and it has been prosperous for thousands of years. Chinese chess is a simulation of ancient wars, straight-line wars, land wars, and plane wars. In ancient China, chess was listed as a self-cultivation skill for scholars and doctors. Today, it is regarded as a wholesome activity for the mind and mind. Xiangqi integrates culture, science, art, and competition, and can not only develop intelligence, enlighten thinking, exercise dialectical analysis ability and cultivate tenacious will, but also cultivate the mind, cultivate sentiment, and enrich cultural life, and is deeply loved by the masses.

棋盘可以自己画出来或者雕刻

The board can be drawn or carved by yourself

今天主要介绍一些中国象棋的基本规则和中英文术语表达。

Today, we will introduce some of the basic rules of Chinese chess and the expressions of Chinese and English terms.

Chinese chess中国象棋

Rooks (or chariots) 车

Knights (or horses) 马

Elephants (or bishops or ministers) 象/相

Mandarins (or advisors or assistants or guards) 士/仕

King (or generals) 将/帅

Cannons 炮

Pawns (or soldiers) 卒/兵

CXQ Chinese Chess Basic Rules中国象棋基本规则

One can move the pieces according to the following rules:

Rules:行棋规则：

The King moves only one space at a time, either horizontally or vertically. Further more, the King must always stay within the palace, which is a square marked with an X.

将（帅）：一次走一格，可以横向走，也可以纵向走，但不能离开九宫。

The Guards (Advisor) move only one space at a time diagonally. Similar to the King, the guards must stay within the palace.

士（仕）：一次斜向走一格，和将（帅）相似，也不能离开九宫。

The Ministers (Elephants) move two spaces at a time diagonally (i.e. 2 spaces left/right and 2 spaces up/down in a move). They must stay within their own side of the river. If there is a piece midway between the original and final intended position of a minister, the minister is blocked and the move is not allowed.

象（相）：一次斜向走两格（即向左或右横向走两格以后再向上或向下纵向走两格）。象（相）不能过河。如果象的原始位置与终点位置之间的中心点上有一颗棋子，则叫做塞象眼，这时象不能飞到目标点。

The Rooks (Cars) move one or more spaces horizontally or vertically provided that all positions between the original and final positions are empty.

车：走直线，可以横向或纵向走一格或多格，只要起始位置与终点位置之间没有其他棋子阻拦。

The Knights (Horses) move two spaces horizontally and one space vertically (or respectively 2 spaces vertically and one space horizontally). If there is a piece next to the horse in the horizontal (vertical) direction, the horse is blocked and the move is not allowed.

马：先横向走两格，再纵向走一格（或先纵向走两格，再横向走一格）。如果先走的两格里有一颗棋子紧挨着马，则叫做别马脚，这时马不能跳到目标点。

The Cannons move one or more spaces horizontally or vertically like a Rook. However, in a capture move, there must be exactly one non-empty space in between the original and final position. In a non-capture move, all spaces in between must be empty。

炮：和车一样，可以横向或纵向走一格或多格。但是，炮在吃对方棋子的时候，炮的起始位置与终点位置之间必须有一颗棋子。不吃子的时候，炮的起始位置与终点位置之间不能有棋子阻拦。

The Pawns (or Soldiers) move one space at a time. If a pawn does not cross the river yet, it can only move forward vertically. Once crossing the river, the pawn can also move horizontally.

兵（卒）：一次走一格。兵（卒）在没有过河之前，每次只能向前走一格。过了河以后，兵（卒）除了可以向前走一格以外，还可以向左或向右横向走一格。

Capture: When a piece moves to a position currently held by an opponent's piece, it captures that opponent's piece. The captured piece is removed from the board.

吃子：棋子走动一步，如果结点上刚好有对方的一颗棋子，则可以吃掉对方的棋子。吃掉的棋子要从棋盘上拿走。

King's line of sight: The two Kings in the board must never be on the same file (vertical line) without any pieces in between them. A move that puts the two Kings in such a setting is illegal.

将（帅）对面：将和帅不能位于同一条纵向的直线上且将帅之间没有其他棋子而直接对面。如果一方行棋以后将帅直接对面了，则这步棋为不允许着法。

King safety: One must never leave the King to be captured by the opponent in the next move. Any moves that put the King in such a setting is illegal.

应将：当一方下一步可以吃掉对方的将（帅）时，象棋术语叫做“将军”。当一方被将军时必须应将，即不能让对方下一步棋吃掉己方的将（帅）。

End game condition: The game ends when one of the following situations happens:

终局：出现下列情况之一即结束棋局：

Checkmate: If one threatens to capture the opponent's King and the opponent has no way to resolve the threat, one wins.

将死：如果第一方在将军，而对方无法解将，则第一方胜。

Stalemate: If one does not have any valid move, one loses.

困毙：当一方无子可走，则困毙输棋。

Terminology: To make the rules precise, the following terms are used:　

象棋术语：

Check: A move of any piece that causes the opponent's King to be threatened with capture in the next move.

将军：一方下一步即要吃掉对方的将（帅）。

Same type sacrifice/trade: A piece moves to a position where it can capture an opponent's piece of the same type in such a way that the opponent piece can also capture it in the next move.

兑子：一方走一步棋后可以吃对方相同的一颗棋子，而对方下一着也可以吃掉这颗棋子。

Chase: A piece moves to a position where it can capture an opponent's piece, which is not the King, in the next move. It is also a chase when a piece moves and results in a cannon attacking an opponent's piece. There are a few exceptions:

捉：一方行棋以后，下一步即可吃对方除将（帅）以后的一颗棋子。如果一方行棋以后，使炮攻击到了对方的棋子，也称之为捉。但下列情况除外：　

It is not a chase when a King or a Pawn threatens to capture any piece.

将（帅）或兵（卒）要吃对方的棋子，不能算捉。

It is not a chase to threaten to capture a Pawn when it is yet to cross the river.

要吃对方还没有过河的兵（卒），不能算捉。

Same type sacrifice/trade is not a chase.

兑子不能算捉。

Protected: A piece is protected if there is a piece that can capture any piece that takes the protected piece. An exception is that a car is never considered protected when it is threatened by an opponent's cannon or knight.

根：如果对方要吃我方一颗棋子，而我方有棋子可以吃掉对方那颗吃棋的子，则我方的棋子有根。但有一种情况例外，当对方的炮或马要吃我方的车时，则不能说我方的车有根。

CXQ Automatic Drawing Rules:

自动判和规则：

When the game is not winnable, it is strongly recommended that both players draw the game by themselves.

如果棋局无法取得胜利，建议对局双方协议和棋。

To prevent one or both players from dragging the games for a long time, CXQ imposes the following 3 rules for automatic drawing:

为防止一方或双方拖延时间，中国象棋规则规定以下三种情况自动判和

Moves Rule: When the total number of moves made by each side reaches 300.

行棋规则：对局双方各自行棋满300步。　　

Effective Rule: When the total number of effective moves, moves made by each side excluding checking/chasing moves or moves to respond to checking/chasing, reaches 120.

有效规则：有效步数、不含将军与应将的步数各方满120步。

Progress Rule: When the total number of moves by each side since the last time a progress is made, i.e. since (1) the last capture or (2) the last advance of a pawn already crossed the river, reaches 30.

自然限着：最后一次吃子各方满30步，或过河兵（卒）最后一次行棋满30步。